უილიამ ტერნერი

უილიამ ტერნერი
უილიამ ტერნერი
დაიბადა	23 აპრილი, 1775
დაბადების ადგილი	Maiden Lane
გარდაიცვალა	19 დეკემბერი, 1851 (76 წლის)
გარდაცვალების ადგილი	Cheyne Walk
მიმდინარეობა	მარინა , ისტორიული ფერწერა და პეიზაჟი

ჯოზეფ მელორდ უილიამ ტერნერი (ინგლ. Joseph Mallord William Turner, დ. 1775 — გ. 1851) — ინგლისელი მხატვარი, რომანტიკული პეიზაჟის ოსტატი, რომლის სტილმა გარკვეული თვალსაზრისით საფუძველი ჩაუყარა იმპრესიონიზმს. სიცოცხლეში წინააღმდეგობრივ ფიგურად მიიჩნეოდა, თუმცა ამჟამად ითვლება, რომ მან პეიზაჟის მხატვრობა ისტორიული თემატიკის რანგს გაუთანასწორა. ტერნერი ბრიტანული აკვარელებით პეიზაჟის მხატვრობის ერთ-ერთ უდიდეს ოსტატად ითვლება. მას მეტსახელად "სინათლის მხატვარსაც" უწოდებდნენ.

ლიტერატურა[რედაქტირება | წყაროს რედაქტირება]

Bailey, Anthony (1998). Standing in the sun: A Life of J. M. W. Turner. London: Pimlico. ISBN 0-7126-6604-4.
Bockemühl, Michael (2006). J. M. W. Turner, 1775–1851: the world of light and colour, 2nd, Köln: Taschen. ISBN 3-8228-6325-4.

რესურსები ინტერნეტში[რედაქტირება | წყაროს რედაქტირება]

ეს სტატია პიროვნების შესახებ ჯერჯერობით ესკიზია. თქვენ შეგიძლიათ დაგვეხმაროთ მის შევსებაში.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek et al. Record #11862475X // ინტეგრირებული ნორმატიული ფაილი — 2012—2016.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q27302"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q304037"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q256507"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q170109"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q36578"></a>
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Bibliothèque nationale de France BnF authorities: პლატფორმა ღია მონაცემები — 2011.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563"></a>
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Joseph Mallord William Turner
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17299517"></a>
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Joseph Mallord William Turner — 2006.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q683543"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2256716"></a>
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 SNAC — 2010.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q29861311"></a>
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Itaú Cultural Enciclopédia Itaú Cultural — São Paulo: Itaú Cultural, 2001. — ISBN 978-85-7979-060-7
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q174"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q10304263"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q41599984"></a>
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Nationalencyklopedin — 1999.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1165538"></a>
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 Find a Grave — 1996.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q63056"></a>
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 Discogs — 2000.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q504063"></a>
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ბროკჰაუზის ენციკლოპედია / Hrsg.: Bibliographisches Institut & F. A. Brockhaus, Wissen Media Verlag
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q464633"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2586178"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227"></a>
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 Wilton A. Turner, J(oseph) M(allord) W(illiam) // Grove Art Online / J. Turner — [Oxford, England], Houndmills, Basingstoke, England, New York: OUP, 2017. — ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4 — doi:10.1093/GAO/9781884446054.ARTICLE.T086656
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q217595"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q56691875"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q810196"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q103971084"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q21431157"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1547776"></a>
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana — Grup Enciclopèdia, 1968.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18696256"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2664168"></a>
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 Babelio — 2007.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2877812"></a>
↑ Brozović D., Ladan T. Hrvatska enciklopedija — LZMK, 1999. — 9272 გვრ. — ISBN 978-953-6036-31-8
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1264934"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q429032"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q18446"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1789619"></a>
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 The Fine Art Archive — 2003.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q10855166"></a>
↑ ^16.0 ^16.1 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography / C. Matthew — Oxford: OUP, 2004.
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↑ Benezit Dictionary of Artists — OUP, 2006. — ISBN 978-0-19-977378-7
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q217595"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q24255573"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1547776"></a>
↑ Internet Speculative Fiction Database — 1995.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a>
↑ ^19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 ^19.3 Artnet — 1998.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q874430"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q266566"></a>
↑ ^20.0 ^20.1 ^20.2 http://www.artnet.com/artists/joseph-mallord-william-turner/

[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q17152639_citetype_Q1172284_citetype_Q1982918"_data-entity-id="Q36578"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:გერმანიის_ეროვნული_ბიბლიოთეკა|Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek]],_[[:de:Staatsbibliothek_zu_Berlin|Staatsbibliothek_zu_Berlin]],_[[:de:Bayerische_Staatsbibliothek|Bayerische_Staatsbibliothek]]_et_al.</i>_[http://d-nb.info/gnd/11862475X/_Record_#11862475X]_//_ინტეგრირებული_ნორმატიული_ფაილი<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2012—2016.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q27302"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q304037"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q256507"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q170109"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q36578"></a></div>-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek et al. Record #11862475X // ინტეგრირებული ნორმატიული ფაილი — 2012—2016.
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q36524_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q27031827"_data-entity-id="Q19938912"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">[[:საფრანგეთის_ეროვნული_ბიბლიოთეკა|Bibliothèque_nationale_de_France]]</i>_[http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121510346_BnF_authorities]:_პლატფორმა_ღია_მონაცემები<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2011.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q19938912"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q54837"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q193563"></a></div>-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Bibliothèque nationale de France BnF authorities: პლატფორმა ღია მონაცემები — 2011.
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q36570165"_data-entity-id="Q17299517">[http://explore.rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/78519_Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17299517"></a></div>-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Joseph Mallord William Turner
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17299517"></a>

[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1787111"_data-entity-id="Q683543">[http://www.sikart.ch/KuenstlerInnen.aspx?id=9598989_Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2006.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q683543"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2256716"></a></div>-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Joseph Mallord William Turner — 2006.
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q1165538">[[:შვედური_ენციკლოპედია|Nationalencyklopedin]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1999.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1165538"></a></div>-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Nationalencyklopedin — 1999.
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q59825643_citetype_Q847959"_data-entity-id="Q504063">Discogs<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_2000.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q504063"></a></div>-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Discogs — 2000.
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13136"_data-entity-id="Q237227">[https://brockhaus.de/ecs/julex/article/turner-william_ბროკჰაუზის_ენციკლოპედია]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_/_Hrsg.:_[[:ბროკჰაუზი|Bibliographisches_Institut_&_F._A._Brockhaus]],_[[:de:Wissen_Media_Verlag|Wissen_Media_Verlag]]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q464633"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2586178"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q237227"></a></div>-10] 10.0 ^10.1 ბროკჰაუზის ენციკლოპედია / Hrsg.: Bibliographisches Institut & F. A. Brockhaus, Wissen Media Verlag
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q13433827"_data-entity-id="Q103971084"><i_class="wef_low_priority_links">Wilton&nbsp;A.</i>_[[:d:Q103971084|Turner,_J(oseph)_M(allord)_W(illiam)]]_//_''[[:en:Grove_Art_Online|Grove_Art_Online]]''<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_/_[[:d:Q56691875|J.&nbsp;Turner]]_—_[[:ოქსფორდი|[Oxford,_England]]],_[[:en:Basingstoke|Houndmills,_Basingstoke,_England]],_[[:ნიუ-იორკი|New_York]]:_[[:en:Oxford_University_Press|OUP]],_2017._—_ISBN_978-1-884446-05-4_—_[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/GAO/9781884446054.ARTICLE.T086656_doi:10.1093/GAO/9781884446054.ARTICLE.T086656]</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q217595"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q56691875"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q810196"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q103971084"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q21431157"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1547776"></a></div>-11] 11.0 ^11.1 Wilton A. Turner, J(oseph) M(allord) W(illiam) // Grove Art Online / J. Turner — [Oxford, England], Houndmills, Basingstoke, England, New York: OUP, 2017. — ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4 — doi:10.1093/GAO/9781884446054.ARTICLE.T086656
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q47461344"_data-entity-id="Q17565097">[[:d:Q17565097|Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_/_[[:en:Colin_Matthew|C.&nbsp;Matthew]]_—_[[:ოქსფორდი|Oxford]]:_[[:en:Oxford_University_Press|OUP]],_2004.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q17565097"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q5145336"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q34217"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q217595"></a></div>-16] 16.0 ^16.1 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography / C. Matthew — Oxford: OUP, 2004.
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q1787111_citetype_Q3331189"_data-entity-id="Q24255573">[[:d:Q24255573|Benezit_Dictionary_of_Artists]]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_[[:en:Oxford_University_Press|OUP]],_2006._—_ISBN_978-0-19-977378-7</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q217595"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q24255573"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q1547776"></a></div>-17] Benezit Dictionary of Artists — OUP, 2006. — ISBN 978-0-19-977378-7
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[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q7094076_citetype_Q1789476"_data-entity-id="Q2629164">Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1995.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a></div>-18] Internet Speculative Fiction Database — 1995.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q2629164"></a>

[<span_class="wikidata_cite_citetype_Q4830453_citetype_Q7094076"_data-entity-id="Q266566">Artnet<span_class="wef_low_priority_links">_—_1998.</span></span><div_style="display:none"><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q874430"></a><a_href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q266566"></a></div>-19] 19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 ^19.3 Artnet — 1998.
<a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q874430"></a><a href="https://wikidata.org/wiki/Track:Q266566"></a>

[[http://www.artnet.com/artists/joseph-mallord-william-turner/_http://www.artnet.com/artists/joseph-mallord-william-turner/]<span_class="wef_low_priority_links"></span><div_style="display:none"></div>-20] 20.0 ^20.1 ^20.2 http://www.artnet.com/artists/joseph-mallord-william-turner/

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უილიამ ტერნერი

დაიბადა	23 აპრილი, 1775(1775-04-23)^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] ^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8] ^[9] ^[10] ^[11] ^[12] ^[13] ^[14] ^[15]
დაბადების ადგილი	Maiden Lane^[16]
გარდაიცვალა	19 დეკემბერი, 1851(1851-12-19)^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] ^[17] ^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8] ^[18] ^[9] ^[10] ^[11] ^[12] ^[13] ^[15] ^[19] (76 წლის)
გარდაცვალების ადგილი	Cheyne Walk^[16]
მიმდინარეობა	მარინა^[19] ^[20] , ისტორიული ფერწერა^[19] ^[20] და პეიზაჟი^[19] ^[20]